How can prefabricated components improve the seismic performance of buildings?

Prefabricated building components refer to building components that are made in advance of each part of the building structure and assembled and installed on site. Compared with traditional cast-in-place concrete structures, precast components have the advantages of shorter production cycle, controllable quality and shorter construction cycle. In terms of improving the seismic performance of buildings, the following measures can be taken for prefabricated building components:

1. Improve component quality control: The manufacturing process of building prefabricated components can implement factory production, and its processing and quality control are more precise and controllable. This can effectively reduce the impact of mass variation and human operation factors on the seismic performance of buildings, and improve the overall strength and durability of components.

2. Strengthen the connection of components: The assembly and installation of prefabricated components are mainly realized through the connection method, and more cutting-edge connection technology can be used, such as bolt connection, lap connection, etc., so that the connection between components is more reliable and improve the overall seismic performance.

3. Increase the length of the overlap of components: the prefabricated components of the building can be designed and preset in advance during the manufacturing process, so that the contact area between the components is increased, thereby improving the seismic performance. At the same time, materials such as rubber can also be used to connect components to form a stronger connection between components and improve the overall seismic performance.

4. The use of lightweight materials to manufacture components: lightweight materials have the characteristics of light weight and good rigidity, which can effectively reduce the self-weight of components and reduce the impact of earthquake loads on the structure. Common lightweight materials are lightweight concrete, glass fiber reinforced concrete and so on.

5. Design reasonable component layout and form: Through reasonable component layout and form design, the overall seismic performance of the building can be improved. For example, in places prone to damage under the action of earthquakes, reinforcement measures such as seismic walls can be used to increase the overall stiffness of the structure and improve the seismic ability.

6. Introduce new seismic technology: new seismic technology can be introduced, such as reinforced concrete shear wall, steel plate shear wall, etc. These new seismic technologies have seismic performance and deformation ability, and can effectively improve the overall seismic performance of buildings.

7. Improve the ductility of components: ductility refers to the performance of components that can undergo large displacement and deformation under earthquake action without damage.

In short, building prefabricated components can improve the seismic performance of buildings by improving the quality control of components, strengthening the connection mode of components, increasing the overlap length of components, using lightweight materials to manufacture components, designing reasonable component layout and form, introducing new seismic technology and other measures. These measures can make the building can absorb and disperse the earthquake energy well, reduce the earthquake damage to the structure, and improve the overall safety of the building.